Theme Of Corruption In Macbeth - 1030 Words

Macbeth is a play about a Scottish aristocrat who learns, from a prescience given to him by three witches, that he is to end up ruler. At the point when Macbeths desire defeats his ethical judgment, he kills the prevailing ruler and satisfies the prescience. In doing as such, in any case, he undermines his own manage with uncertainty - frailty he made when he disturbs the normal progression to the position of authority. Decapitated in the fight, Macbeths passing enables the legitimate beneficiary to recover the position of authority and request is reestablished.Power leads to corruption in Macbeth and it shows throughout the story. The primary case when Macbeth demonstrates his expectation for control is the point at which he and his†¦show more content†¦The whole play depends on the how the impacts of his ravenousness prompt his destruction. The coldblooded demonstrations cause his significant other, Woman Macbeth, to go crazy and execute herself, and make Macbeth go crazy too and be vanquished and decapitated at last. Generally speaking, Macbeths battle for control is the thing that characterizes his character and prompts his inevitable demise. In act one (I) scene two (ii), Lord Duncan gets a provide details regarding the record of the present war. The primary thought of the report is on Macbeth and how to overcome and savage a warrior he is. Specifically, the employee uncovers to Duncan that Macbeth was butchering others and he unseamd [one of them] from the nave to the chaps. As it might have been Macbeth, spearing enemies with a sword and a while later running the sword beyond what many would consider possible up the jaw. In perspective of this event and the vernacular used as a piece of delineating it, the per client fathoms that Macbeth is fit for unprecedented mercilessness given the fitting condition; he can be physically powerful.Once Macbeth pushes toward getting to be Master, so he by then misuse his state control by slaughtering any individual he regarded a threat, including women and youths. Since Macbeth will butcher anyoneShow MoreRelatedSymbolism that Represents the Theme of Corruption in Shakespeares MacBet h1043 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolism in MacBeth Symbolism plays an important role to emphasize the theme of corruption of power in William Shakespeares Macbeth. Throughout the play there are several main symbols repeatedly used to emphasize this theme. The contrast of light and dark representing good and evil, blood representing guilt, murder, and pain, and the archetypal pattern of purification by using water represents removal of guilt, cleansing and peace. Symbolism is used repeatedly to emphasize the theme of corruption of powerRead More Symbolism In Macbeth1097 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Macbeth, symbolism plays a prominent role to emphasize the theme of corruption of power. Throughout the play there are several main symbols repeatedly used to emphasize this theme. The contrast of light and dark representing good and evil, blood representing guilt, murder, and pain, and the archetypal pattern of purification by using water represents removal of guilt, cleansing and peace. Symbolism is used repeatedly to emphas ize the theme of corruption of power. The imageRead MoreThe Tragic Downfall of Lady Macbeth by William Shakespeare Essay1202 Words   |  5 PagesThe Tragic Downfall of Lady Macbeth William Shakespeare’s play entitled Macbeth is a bloody tragedy about ambition, evil, guilt and moral corruption. The story emphasizes a lot on the consequences or aftermath of the bad deeds that Macbeth and his wife Lady Macbeth do and the growing impact it has on them in turn. Lady Macbeth a woman driven by her assertiveness, boldness, strength and ambition for her husband could not escape the guilt that eventually caught up to her and destroyed her.Read MoreThrone Of Blood, By Akira Kurasawa1205 Words   |  5 PagesBlood, is often viewed as an interpretation of William Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth. Both works follow a similar story line and address themes that are relevant to a modern audience. One major theme in both works is the idea that absolute power corrupts mankind. William Shakespeare and Akira Kurasawa both address this theme of power corruption through the use of symbolism and emotion. While Throne of Blood is based off of Macbeth, it is portrayed very differently than the original text. The 1957 filmRead MoreEssay On Corruption In Macbeth1109 Words   |  5 PagesWith Power Comes Corruption â€Å"All power tends to corrupt and absolute power corrupts absolutely.† is a quote from Lord John Dalberg-Acton, explaining that any amount of power can corrupt the mind, but absolute power will take over. This is represented throughout history: in politics, monarchies and times like the french revolution. Many writers have used this theme in their works. One work that includes this theme is William Shakespeares Macbeth. The play Macbeth follows Macbeth, a brave warriorRead MoreDivine Power In Macbeth Essay833 Words   |  4 PagesMacbeth, an ironic tragedy of the 17th century, is perhaps one of the most appraised works by renowned playwright William Shakespeare. Such fame, though, can be justified through the play’s effective utilization of themes and their evocative subtext; however, Shakespeare particularly focusses on the theme of power and has done so with intent. Macbeth visualises power in two forms, being that of divine and supernatural. The play forms a rep resentation that, alike with the socio-cultural beliefs ofRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth 1242 Words   |  5 PagesAncient Greece, the dimensions of comedy and tragedy have never been explored until William Shakespeare expanded them to include the themes, motifs and gothic elements relevant during his time. Shakespeare wrote these plays for more than entertaining; he attempted to transcend universal themes and messages that still resonate with audiences today. One of these plays was Macbeth, a tragedy that voices the ambition of a young, kind and righteous man and how it ultimately leads to his downfall and destructionRead MoreLust of Power Depicted in William Shakespeare ´s Macbeth Essay700 Words   |  3 Pages ghosts, and floating daggers are the usual attractions for most that read William Shakespeare’s Macbeth, and yet there is an important theme that some might overlook. Written in the early 17th century, Macbeth is believed to be based upon historical even ts listed in Raphael Holinshed’s Chronicles of Scotland and other current events of the time. Shakespeare constructs the memorable world of Macbeth with a mysterious and sinister atmosphere, incorporating diabolical elements into this world withRead MoreTheme Of Conflict In Macbeth842 Words   |  4 PagesConflict is a major theme in countless stories, but the ones used in Macbeth particularly striking. Throughout the play there are three main conflicts, internal and external, obvious and subtle. for any story to succeed it needs conflict, the driving force behind any plot. But Shakespeares artful use of it, along with the dark and striking imagery captivated audiences and its first showing and still does today, hundreds of years later. At first Macbeth struggles against his and vision and greedRead MoreMacbeth Ambition Essay851 Words   |  4 PagesThe determination to achieve and ambition are keys to a successful life. However, one of Shakespeare’s major themes in his play Macbeth is too much ambition ultimately brings ruin. When ambition goes unchecked, there is corruption of natural order. This theme of ambition can best be explained by analyzing the motives of Lady Macbeth, the witches, as well as Macbeth. To begin, Lady Macbeth is a deeply ambitious woman who lusts for power. She is the one who initially spurs her husband into killing

Essay On Student Loans - 768 Words

The Department of Education in recent times has embraced a new system regarding student loans, bringing on board a customer-friendly policy. According to this new scheme, students will now have access to loans with easier and less complex repayment terms. This development will help them fast-track the repayment of their debts without hassles. The Department of Education also integrated an income-based repayment plan: a flexible approach geared at facilitating student finance in their most dire hour of need. Sadly, despite having the potentials to substantially pull off the amount of burden on people’s shoulders, this income-driven repayment scheme hasn’t gained much traction and acceptability among the general population. This is due to†¦show more content†¦Therefore, if you decide to hire a private company evaluate their credentials based on their expertise, experience and past performances. Unfortunately, the majority of third-party company’s primary focus is to prey on your ignorance and desperation. Let us take a cue from Navient, Great Lakes, Fed Loans, and Nelnet an outside third-party company contracted by the Department of Education to service accounts and collect money. Yes, you heard it right, â€Å"Service accounts and Collect money.† Sadly, millions of borrowers are being hoodwinked by the actual roles of these servicing companies, as they disguise to be more than what they are, all in a bid to exploit you. However, theyre ‘nothing more than bill collectors. Moreover, The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau filed a lawsuit against Sallie Mae (Navient) alleging , among other allegations, Navient systematically and illegally [failed] borrowers at every stage of repayment, which included creating obstacles to repayment by providing bad information, processing payments incorrectly, failing to act when borrowers complained and illegally cheating many struggling borrowers out of their rights to lower payments, causing them to overpay for their student loans and deceiving private student loan borrowers about requirementsShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Student Loan Scam1878 Words   |  8 Pagescomparatively â€Å"small† expenditures I have to deal with, examples of educators, students, and parents all paint a portrait of the devastating and deceiving nature of debt involved in the collegiate system in this country. Systemically, culturally, and personally, the system of debt associated with virtually every modern college experience of all but the highest socioeconomic echelon wrings the resources of the average college student dry.         In the context of how the system works, the only conclusion toRead MoreStudent Bank Loans? Essay576 Words   |  3 PagesMost of the students are always eager to go to the last stage of their educational program and attain the highest degree. This is also very important for their professional lives too. The students need to make sure that they have attained the good results or, good marks in their examinations. But, these are always like dream for the students having less financial abilities as the higher education needs you to have some money for managing the academic expenses. This becomes really impossible to carryRead MoreEssay Student Loan Debt Relief1460 Words   |  6 PagesStudent Loan Debt Relief Student loan debt relief is a controversial issue in America today. Student loan debt affects twelve million college students, roughly 60% of all college attendees, per year (Student Loan Debt Statistics). Student loan debt relief rose to the forefront of economic news during the financial market crash of 2008. The U.S. Government has developed a debt relief plan that extends payments over a 25-year period, with a full forgiveness of all remaining debt at the end ofRead MoreStudent Loan Debt Crisis Essay1214 Words   |  5 PagesStudent Loan Debt Crisis What do you think of when you hear the words college graduate? Well, in most scenarios, these words would be exciting to someone that just graduated college who have put in years of hard work and dedication to better educate and promote themselves for their future careers. Sadly enough, this is too far common not the case. In today’s society, students are graduating college with piles of debt at an alarming rate. With a troubled economy that is recovering from a recessionRead MoreIn The Short Essay, â€Å"Is Forgiving Student Loan Debt A Good807 Words   |  4 Pages In the short essay, â€Å"Is Forgiving Student Loan Debt a Good Idea?† by Kaya Webley, she illustrates through validations that student debt is a problem, but Applebaum’s proposal brings about political and economic problems. One of her validations is that most people can afford their student loans. She also states that only a small handful of graduates leave school with an unbearable student debt . Webley touches upon programs that are already in place to help pay off college debt. Another one of herRead More College Student Loans Skyrocket Essay example747 Words   |  3 Pages If youre counting on government student loans to get you through college or graduate school, count on paying them back. The Education Department has become one of the toughest debt collectors around. Over the past decade, the agency has steadily expanded its arsenal for dealing with former students who dont repay. A 1998 change in federal law made it extremely difficult for people to escape student loans through personal bankruptcy. The Education Department also can now seize parts of borrowersRead MoreForgiving Student Loan Debt Essay examples822 Words   |  4 Pagesamount of student loan debt have an effect on the economy? If so would forgiving student loan debt help lower the national debt or would it just increase it? According to Mary Claire Fischer, a writer for Kiplinger’s Personal F inance magazine, â€Å"two-thirds of students who receive bachelor’s degrees leave college with debt in tow† (Fischer). Among these students, the average amount owed is twenty-six thousand dollars (Fischer). There is a six month grace period after graduation to allow the student timeRead MoreEssay on Student Loan Debt Should be Forgiven1256 Words   |  6 PagesDoes the amount of student loan debt have an effect on the economy? If so would forgiving student loan debt help lower the national debt or would it just increase it? According to Mary Claire Fischer, a writer for Kiplinger’s Personal Finance magazine, â€Å"two-thirds of students who receive bachelor’s degrees leave college with an average debt of twenty-six thousand dollars† (Fischer). This means that the average student debt has doubled since 2007 (Ross 24). The total student loan debt is $1.2 trillionRead MoreEssay on Policy Proposal: Student Loan Default3338 Words   |  14 Pagesfel lowships, and grants, student loans are an important method of financing post-secondary education. With tuition costs rising, more students are borrowing to pay for college education today. However, not all students realize the burden of paying back their student loans. Many are defaulting. Moreover, individual borrowers are not the only ones who face the consequences of the loan default. The federal government recovers around 80% of the total defaulted amount of student loans, losing billions of dollarsRead MoreEssay on The Government Should NOT Forgive Student Loan Debt1761 Words   |  8 Pagescollege degree, students are either being driven away entirely from earning a degree or taking out student loans which cripple their financial prospects well after graduation. Without question, the increasing national student loan debt is one of the most pressing economic issues the United States is dealing with, as students who are debt ridden are not able to consume and invest in the economy. Therefore, many politicians and students are calling on the government to forgive their student loan debts so

Roles of Supervisor free essay sample

Supervising    members is clearly more than a job. It is also a commitment    to developing   ones own capacity and that of others to initiate changes that will result in stronger companies. Regardless of whether you are full time or part time supervisor, you are in a key position to make a difference in the lives of your members in the organisation. An in-depth discussion of the Case Study: St. Simon Manufacturing Company, is designed to help readers with practical ideas , suggestions and many effective supervisory techniques   highlighting areas that are important to modern day organisations. Key Components that will be applied to the Case Study: Role of the Supervisor                              Planning-This is the function of setting goals and objectives and converting them into specific plans. For a supervisor the outcome of planning includes operating schedules, quality specifications and deadlines. The planning process also establishes policies ,standard operating procedures, rules and regulations. We will write a custom essay sample on Roles of Supervisor or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Organizing- In performing this function a supervisor lines up all available resources, including   departmental tools, equipments ,materials, and –especially – the work force . It is at this stage   that the organizational structure   of a department is designed and its work is divided up into jobs. Staffing –This is the function by which supervisors figuratively   put   flesh on the organisational structure. Supervisors first figure out exactly how many and what kind of employees a department will need to carry out its work. They then interview, select and    training those people most suitable to fill the open jobs. Leading –This function gets blood flowing in an organization. Supervisors   energize   the vital human resources of the department by providing motivation, communication and leadership

Onetech Needs Some Change

Introduction: Onetech Changes the Course of Its Direction There comes the time for every company to change the chose strategy sooner or later (Harmon, 2007). Either because of the drops in sales, or because of high competition levels, a company needs to reconsider its policies, i.e., financial policy, the treatment of the customers, the rules concerning the relationships within the company employees and management.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Onetech Needs Some Change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Likewise, Onetech seems to be in need for a change. According to the existing evidence, there are three major directions, in which the company can go. Considering each, one will be able to find the optimum solution. Considering Option #1: With the Untouched Portfolio It is essential that the estimated revenue income is supposed to be approximately  £1,600,000 according to the data offered in the report (BU3413 case study 2012, 2012). However, Sylvia’s concern for continuing working in large groups should be taken into account as well (Luecke Hall, 2006). While the company can aim at increasing its income, some of the employees might have hard times working in quite uncomfortable environment. Option #2 as a Possibility: Reducing the Number of Services Reducing number of services means that the estimated revenue will make around  £1,115,000 annually (BU3413 case study 2012, 2012), with the less expensive payment scheme for the customers. The given plan can be considered a compromise between retaining clients and maintaining high income. However, the given solution might not fit the founder of the company, Tim Bale: â€Å"Tim believes in involvement of all parties† (BU3413 case study 2012, 2012), according to the report – and he actually has the point (Gennard Judge, 2005). Money Makes the World Go Round: Regarding the Option #3 Presupposing that the charges are mad e according to the corresponding events, the third suggestion seems quite adequate, but very vague. Even the estimated annual income is rather vague – it makes approximately  £1,020,000 (BU3413 case study 2012, 2012). Needless to mention, the given number is the smallest of all compared to the ones stated above. Analysis and the Obvious Solution: As Simple as It Can Be It goes without saying that each of the suggestions has its own advantages and drawbacks. For example, one of them presupposes considerable changes, while the two others do not. Again, the third plan also has advantages in that it does not demand fee from the clientele. The latter might consider this a good deal and choose the Onetech Company as a good value for their money. However, it seems that the first option is the most reasonable one, since reducing the number of services might lead to customers’ dissatisfaction, and not demanding fee can cause financial complexities within the company and, ther efore, lead to spending less on quality equipment (Werner, Schuler, Jackson, 2011). Thus, the services quality will also drop, which is highly undesirable.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Better yet, the company should introduce even more services so that the clients should learn the advantage of being a membership of Onetech. Conclusion: When the Time to Pick the Right Choice Comes Hence, it can be concluded that the policy of maintaining the current portfolio and offering the fee of  £5500 seems the most reasonable solution. Since the company needs to attract more clients, having the same amount of services seems the most reasonable option. While with the membership fee of  £5500, the company might look much more expensive than the possible rivals, its big list of services will make the clients feel that each penny thy pay pays off. With the help of an adequate policy , Onetech is likely to handle the current problems and develop new strategies. Reference List BU3413 case study 2012 2012, PDF file. Gennard, J Judge, G 2005, Employee relations, CIPD Publishing, London, UK. Harmon, P 2007, Business process change: A guide for business managers and BPM and Six Sigma professionals, Morgan Kaufman, Burlington, MA. Luecke, R Hall, B H 2006, Performance management: measure and improve the effectiveness of your employees, Harvard Business Press, Boston, MA.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Onetech Needs Some Change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Werner, S, Schuler, R, Jackson, S 2011, Human resource management, Cengage Learning, Stamford, CN. This report on Onetech Needs Some Change was written and submitted by user Sherlyn Nieves to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

5 Helpful Study Tips for Visual Learners

5 Helpful Study Tips for Visual Learners All of us have a preferred learning style. This just means that your mind is specifically suited to one mode of informational input – hearing things (auditory learners), experiencing things (kinesthetic learners), or seeing things (visual learners) – more than another. No one is only suited to one mode of input, but most people have a clear preference and one of the inputs will be stronger than others. If you prefer being shown something to simply being told, you might be a visual learner. The problem with studying for visual learners is that most (bad) teachers will only use one style – its most likely to be the one they prefer themselves. And if youre in the latter years of your education, auditory input – lectures – is what youre mostly going to get. Try not to be discouraged, however. All types of learners face their own unique challenges. Instead, understand that you should simply adapt your study habits to suit your learning style. Heres how you do it: Use Video Lessons Use resources like Khan Academy that have created videos specifically with visual learners in mind. Everything is written down before your eyes by the instructor, and explained in-depth with lots and lots of examples. They utilize pictures and slides to explain everything from algebra to art history, and a visual learner will do well by watching them. If your professors teaching is not suited to your preferred learning style, use these visual lessons to catch up on any material you might have missed. Flashcards Flashcards are absolutely essential for visual learners. Use them in tandem with another visual learner and you can pick up on things at the same pace. These will be put to use when youre preparing for multiple-choice tests or when you have to memorize lots of facts rapidly. When making flashcards, try and aim for succinct descriptions and answers – those work best. Visual learners should try using different pens and markers to color-code prompts from different categories. Try adding a picture, so that you can associate an answer with a visual. Flowcharts, Graphs and Infographics Visual learners need a visual input to associate with a fact, and flowcharts, graphs and infographics are the best ways to do that. If youre reading your notes and cant make sense of them or youre getting lost, look up an inforgraphic to learn it more quickly and retain more information. Chances are, someone on the Internet has made one for whatever subject or topic you need. Slideshare.net and reddit.com/r/dataisbeautiful are great resources to use if you havent found one through your preferred search engine. Use Diagrams and Drawings to Visualize Your Notes In class, when youre trying to retain lots of information, it might be easier for you to draw a quick graph or diagram for future reference – for visual learners, this might be the part of the notes they will remember best. So, in history class, if there is a timeline of events, draw a line with branches coming from it and write short notes on the date and what happened for maximum retention. Start doing this, and youll find that most information can be broken down and systematized into a list or chart. If the instructor is using any drawings or diagrams in the PowerPoint, make sure to copy them down. Use Highlighters Lots of visual learners, interestingly, struggle with reading information from a book. If youre reading something and come to find that you havent been paying attention, try and read with a highlighter in your hand, noting important information. Firstly, this will force you to read more carefully. Secondly, you will retain more information by creating a visual marker for it. However, try to highlight as little as possible – if youre highlighting everything, its as if youre not highlighting anything at all. Hopefully, youll be putting these tips to good use. Most importantly, a blanket rule for visual learners should be to try to visualize all the information they receive. Train your mind to create an image to match what youre hearing – for instance, if someone is giving you directions, try and create a map in your mind. This will train your brain to retain information from other inputs better and become the best learner you can be.

This Memorial Day, Remember an Abundance Mentality

This Memorial Day, Remember an Abundance Mentality This Memorial Day Sunday, as I sat on a bench overlooking the Hudson River in Tarrytown, NY, I pondered the concept of abundance. Where do I have an â€Å"abundance mentality† and where do I live with a scarcity mindset? â€Å"What about this river, I mused. Rivers are a symbol of abundance. Do rivers have an abundance mentality? What about droughts? If I were a river I would not feel very abundant in a drought.† â€Å"Brenda,† I told myself, â€Å"Stop trying to give a river a brain. Rivers don’t know from abundance and scarcity. They just are. It’s people who feel scarcity during droughts.† Well, that line of thinking didn’t get me too far. Even after attending a yoga class nearby, where the teacher threw out the idea that we should imitate nature and just be, I wasn’t sure what to make of my river question. But what I do know is that for humans, having an â€Å"abundance mentality† is one of the keys to happiness. When we remember that there is enough – more than enough – to sustain us, we can not just survive, but thrive. Experiencing the Abundance Mentality There are some areas where I’ve mastered the abundance mentality. In my travels, for instance, when plans fall through (as they often do, and did on this trip), I am open to what other plans will arise. All I have to do is pick up the phone and I can find a friend to hang out with or a new place to stay if I need it. I am never worried about being stranded or running out of possibilities. In other areas, I have yet to vanquish the scarcity mentality. Last year, when a corporate client abruptly reduced the volume of business they were sending to The Essay Expert, I was scared and discouraged. Without that business, I did not have a solid client base. Initially, I did not know what to do to turn things around. It took me a year to build my business back up to where it was before. And lo and behold, it turns out there was abundance after all – I just had to strive for it. I’ve also faced my own scarcity mentality with my writing team. Now that business is booming, I have been known to worry that I won’t have enough high-quality writers to cover the projects coming in. At first, I was limited in my ideas about how to find writers. But I asked other writers and coaches for ideas, and they shook up my scarcity thinking. I took their advice and reached out aggressively to executive resume writers through multiple channels- including some I had never thought of before. Surprise! Some amazingly talented writers inevitably arose. Whatever convictions I have about what’s impossible are simply not true. An Abundance â€Å"Mentality† is Not Enough Here’s the thing. Just believing that abundance exists is not enough. You need to take action. When my corporate client dropped off, I felt sorry for myself for a little while, but ultimately I upped my game and got my name out to the world on a bigger scale. When I needed new writers, at first I did the same things I had done in the past, but those actions did not produce results. So I did something different. This principle applies to bigger issues too. This is Memorial Day, and some of us are thinking of people we have lost. While the pain of loss is real and will never go away, when we can appreciate the people who are in our lives now, and know there is enough love and connection for us in the world, we can continue with our lives and allow ourselves to feel joy amidst the pain. With an abundance mentality, we see possibilities and can embrace challenge and change. In scarcity, we experience lack and hopelessness. I know this from experience. Where do you fall on the abundance vs. scarcity mindset spectrum? What is your mentality around money? Love? Jobs? Clients? On this Memorial Day, can you remember that good things are out there for you- and go after them? I encourage you to take one action today to create what you thought was not possible in your life. And let me know what happens. *********** Ready to create abundance with your job search, college applications or business? The Essay Expert offers writing help in all of these areas. Contact us!

Personal and Organizational Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Personal and Organizational Ethics - Essay Example Most of the organizations have company lawyers who advise them on how to function without breaking the law. The public relations office ensures that companies relate well with other organizations. Despite the growing competition, companies and organizations should maintain originality of ideas and products in the market (Velasquez, 2006). Everyone in the business world must have basic managerial skills that will enable each one to perform their delegations in the organization well (McDaniel, 2004). Currently am serving as the quality assurance manager of an industrial company. This is a demanding position and the concepts learned in this course have been effective in helping me develop a personal code of ethics. I have also developed a vision mission statement that serves as a guideline to keep me always in conformity with the organizational ethics. As a manager, I have a strong value system and the most important of these values is always upholding my integrity. In performing all my managerial duties, I make sure that I do not compromise with my integrity as this reflects the inner person in me and an individual without integrity is not worth holding a post in society. Upholding integrity entails doing what is right irrespective of the cost. When dealing with other employees, I try my best to remain fair and understanding but never to allow compromise on my integrity. Honesty is another value that I practice in my daily work. Irrespective of the situation, I am honest to myself and to others. An individual must accept the realities that cannot change from deep within and this involves accepting weaknesses and appreciating strengths. From such serenity, an individual can practice honesty to others. Sometimes I make mistakes and I try to be honest enough to accept these as well as listen to advice even from my juniors. Management requires one to be a good team player (Velasquez, 2006). A good manager must understand the strengths and weaknesses of his or her tea m members and be able to bring out the best in them. Since this position is not about me, but rather the people at my service, I ensure that I delegate duties according to abilities of different employees. I give them opportunities to take challenges that present chances for growth in terms of acquiring new skills. The team members must grow and become better people in terms of personality and professionalism and therefore I have a great challenge of ensuring that delegation of duties presents each member with an equal opportunity to grow. I am a friendly individual and this has helped me greatly. All the employees feel free to approach me and share their concerns. I try to understand their issues and discuss with them possible solutions. It is not only about being friendly and understanding, but solving issues of employees requires one to be reasonable. Rationality helps in balancing the interests of the organization and those of an employee so that none of them suffers. This trait is of great use when dealing with clients and other corporate. However, I never let friendships affect decision-making; instead, I have learned to maintain good professional relationships with fellow employees. Communication is the most important aspect in the smooth running of activities. To be an effective manager I have to listen to ideas and

International Business Machines Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

International Business Machines - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that  the Global Service business line provides the clients with business solutions and insights as well as Information Technology infrastructure. Even though most of the solutions are from the IBM systems and software, the corporation can engage in outsourcing if needed by the clients. According to CSI Market (2015), approximately 60 % of IBM's external Global Services annual revenue comes from maintenance and outsourcing arrangements. The Global Technology Services provide business process services and information technology services to the clients. It uses the IP integrated services and unique technology to ensure that the business value of its customers is improved. The business line enables the clients to benefit from the IBM's leading edge services, flexibility, outcomes, improved productivity and high-quality services.  As the report stresses  Global Business Services business line aims to deliver business outcomes to its clients in a more pra cticable manner. The business line attains its goal through the Application Management Services and Consulting. The business line ensures that the IBM solutions and content are integrated, and the clients are taken through a growth process. It ensures that the IBM capabilities and experts help the clients transform in market trends response. The activities are done through the segments of Front Office Digitization and Globally Integrated Enterprise.

Modifications to the National School Lunch Program Essay Example for Free

Modifications to the National School Lunch Program Essay Introduction Recent modifications made to the National School Lunch Program menu have caused controversy all across the nation. In last year The National School Lunch program have been under scrutiny and major changes have been made to the ingredients and preparation of school lunches. The USDA reports that the all the modifications to the school lunches are focus towards improving the health of all school age children, contributing to the fight against childhood obesity and succinctly to improve the health of all children across the nation. This research would explore the history of the different federal agencies involve in the national nutritional services, the most comprehensive changes in the school nutritional environment , the old and new menus choices and how changes are impacting students (National School Lunch Program,[NSLP] 2012). Research Statement According to the Unites States Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service the recent changes to the National School Lunch program have been an important aid in the fight against childhood obesity and to help change student eating habits towards a healthier approach. In the last 4 years the Senate of the United Stated has proposed different legislature changes to the National School Lunch menu allowing millions of dollars to contribute towards a healthier approach modifying what student age children are consuming during school hours. The most comprehensive changes have been oriented towards reducing fat, sugar and sodium, and including more vegetable as part of the daily school cafeteria menu (United States Department of Agriculture, [USDA] 2012). Initial Research Question How the recent changes to the national school lunch program can improve the student’s health? By analyzing the recent changes to the national school lunch program we will be able to compare some of the differences between some the new and improve school lunch menu and how these changes are impacting students across the nation. Review of literature The National School Lunch Act was a law established under the administration of President Harry Truman in 1946. The original purpose of the act was to help local farmers with surplus produce and using these foods to feed school age children. After reviewing the principles of the act, members of the senate requested the establishment of a national program that under the guidelines of the National School Lunch Act, would oversee all operations associated with school lunch meals, reason for the creation of the National School Lunch program. The National School lunch program manages one of the largest federally assisted meal programs that provides nutritionally balanced meals free or at low cost to school age children. The national school lunch program takes cash subsides and foods provided by the U.S Department of Agriculture, in return the national school lunch program must meet nutritional federal requirements and most important must offer meals free or at low cost to all student age children. According to reported statistics from the U.S Department of Agriculture the National School Lunch feeds over 30 million students each day (NSLP, 2012) There is no doubt that the student nutrition subject has been an important topic of national concern in the history of our country. In 1966, The Child Nutrition Act was a law signed by President Lyndon B Johnson, encouraged by a national concern over nutrition in school age children. The Child Nutrition Act became to be an instrument to facilitate the process of meeting nutritional needs of children under the guidelines of the National School Lunch Program. The act also helped established the school based breakfast program providing free breakfast for children in public and nonprofit schools, during the signing of this act president Johnson use a famous phrase that would change forever the futures of national school lunches â€Å"Good food is essential to good learning† (USDA, 2012) U.S Department of Agriculture is a federal funded division who is responsible to all operations in the nation pertaining to farming agriculture and food. Better known as the USDA the department not only promotes and helps farming and agriculture issues but ensures food safety across the nation. The USDA is one of the oldest federally department created by President Abraham Lincoln in 1862. The USDA oversees a vast amount of operative units in the united states including the USDA Food and Nutritional Services who major goal is to provide healthy food to families in need, the department also collaborate closely with the National School Lunch program providing foods that are of nutritional value (USDA, 2012) On December 13th, 2010 President Obama sign into a law the Healthy, Hunger –Free Act of 2010. This act was creating to combat the alarming rates of childhood obesity cases in the U.S. The now law came to update the school meals standards who reflected very little changes in nutrition in the last 15 years, the HHFK Act also had an impact on the USDA, changing the foods providing to the National School lunch program and succinctly reflecting changes in meal nutritional standards in schools across the nation. In the 2009 a review from the Institute of Medicine recommended several updates to the National School lunch menus, the review found that the school cafeteria menus were not meeting the dietary guidelines for school age children stated by the U.S Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Services (Healthy Hunger-Free Act, [HHFA] 2012) In 2011 the USDA proposed new regulations based on the finding of the Institute of Medicine of the United States. The process of modification of the school cafeteria menus begin slowly but steady on schools across the nation, the changes included whole grain servings on all meals; reduce saturated fat sugar and sodium, and more fresh fruit and vegetables. Elizabeth Ippel, executive director of The Academy of Global Citizenship in Chicago, talks about the important of nutrition’s â€Å"good nutrition is essential and a very integral component to effective learning†. The changes are significant and according to Mrs. Ippel the students are responding positive to the modifications (Leamy, 2012) Here’s an example of a before and after lunch menu: BeforeAfter Breaded beef patty on a white roll Baked Fish Nuggets Fruit popsicleWhole wheat roll Low fat milkMashed potatoes Broccoli Peaches Skim Milk Discussion On December 13, 2010 president Obama signed into law 111-296 the Healthy Hunger –Free Act of 2010. The act is one of the most comprehensive proposals in the school nutritional environment in over 15 years; the main goal of this law is to update school meals nutritional standards to help combat childhood obesity and help students achieve healthy eating habits. Beginning in July 2012 the new lunch meal pattern will be in effect changing what students will be consuming during lunch in the school year 2012-2013.The new proposed meal components includes key changes for children K and above, these changes requires that school lunches offer a daily variety of whole grains, fruit and vegetables. In the fruit category, each meal provided by school cafeterias must include  ½ cup of fresh, frozen or canned fruits, prepared or compound with water and not syrup.  ½ of vegetables on each meal is another requirement in the daily school lunch menus; the new regulations required a variety of vegetable groups including: dark green, red/orange, legumes, starchy and other vegetables. On the area of whole grains, breads and cereals are required on each meal as long as the food item includes more than 8 grams of grains. The act has also limit the amount of flavored milks opting for only low fat milk during meals. Calories are also under a scope view limiting the calorie ranges according to age groups. Trans-fat is banned completely from school cafeteria menus and the act has also a plan to limit sodium gradually over the next decade, to reach the goal of keeping sodium at a no more than 600 mg per meal, equal to a diet frozen meal (HHFKA, 2012). The changes in the cafeteria school menu are impacting students and teachers equally, besides of more nutritional value, the new menus now offered more quantity amounts of healthier foods, satisfying the hunger of millions of students and reflecting healthier attitudes in the classrooms. LuAnn Coenen from Appleton Central High School in Wisconsin cheers the new regulations in the cafeteria menus and states† Since the introductions of the new food program, I have noticed and enormous difference in the behavior of my students in the classroom,†Ã¢â‚¬ I can say without hesitation that it’s changed my job as principal†. It seems that less sugary foods and drinks are impacting student’s behavior. An associate professor of education at the Lehigh university conducted a study of over 2000 lunchrooms across the nations, the conclusions indicated that healthier and less sugary meals carries a calmer atmosphere in the classroom this calmer demeanor is reflects when students go back to the classrooms creating a trickling effect. Taylor a student from Appleton High commented about the changes she felt since the cafeteria menus changed â€Å"I’d say being able to concentrate better†. Susan Graham principal from Melrose Elementary in Tampa Florida confirms that her discipline referrals have decreased 50 % â€Å"We get a lot more done, I think it’s a lot more efficient work environment for all of us,† Grahams said (abcnews,2012). Berger (2005) wrote about the importance of a well balanced meal for the proper development of children’s brain development, and how school meal programs played an important rolled in children’s brain development, by providing a well balanced meal while in school children can achieve proper brain development a subsequently their ability to learn will be maximized (Berger, 2005). The changes happening in schools cafeterias might seem insignificant, but replacing extra-cheese pizza, deep fried chicken for whole wheat pizza and baked fish nuggets, represent a huge step towards making students healthy. Some modifications to the school lunch menu have happened slowly and some hidden from students, like replacing full fat cheese with a low fat mozzarella cheese in the pizzas, as well as using whole wheat bread on grill cheese sandwiches. Dr. Saira Jan a Rutgers University Professor (2006) comments on children obesity and diabetes rising numbers â€Å"Kids choose from what they are offered. They are hungry, they will eat. You can offer carrots or French fries. We have a big health-care problem. We can’t just talk about it† (Weekly Reader, 2006). Conclusion In conclusion the overall national concern over childhood obesity and the rising rate of diseases in children related to overweight issues is currently being addressed by different entities in charge of school nutrition. The National School lunch program has and will make modification on the students’ lunch menu to feed students healthier foods in the effort to fight childhood obesity. Even though there has been mixed opinions about the effectiveness of the lunch menu modifications, the HHFKA guidelines demonstrate how References About USDA. (2012). United States Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service. Retrieved from http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?navid=ABOUT_USDA Berger, Kathleen. (2005).The Developing Person Throughout the Lifespan. 6th ed.Worth. 140-142 Child Nutritional Act.(2012). United States Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service. Retrieved from http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-01-26/pdf/2012-1010.pdf Food Fight! Should School Lunches be healthier? Current Events, a Weekly Reader publication,17 Feb.(2006) Retrieved from Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010. (2012).United States Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service. Retrieved from http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/governance/legislation/cnr_2010.htm Questions Answers on the Final Rule, â€Å"Nutrition Standards in the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs†(2012).United States Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service. Retrieved from http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/Governance/Policy-Memos/2012/SP10-2012osr2.pdf Lazor, K., Chapman, N., Levine, E. (2010).No.80. Vol.4. 200-206 Soy Goes to School: Acceptance of Healthful, Vegetarian Options in Maryland Middle School Lunches. Journal Of School Health. Leamy, Elizabeth.(2011). Exclusive: USDA to Announce Healthier New School Lunch Guidelines. Retrieved from http://abcnews.go.com/Health/ConsumerNews/usda-announce-school-lunch-guidelines/story?id=12603193 Mary Bruce. (2010). Coming Soon? Healthier School Lunches. Retrieved from http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/healthier-school-lunches-senate-approves-45-billion-bill/story?id=11345256 Mcginn, D., Popescu, R. (2007).No 150. Vol.17. Unlucky Charms At Lunch. Newsweek. Retrieved from http://mediacast.usw.edu:8045/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA169875850v=2.1u=nm _a_elinit=rp=ITOFsw=w National School Lunch Program.(2012).United States Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service. Retrieved from http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/Lunch/ Nutrition Standards in the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs, No 17, Vol.77. (2012). United States Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service. Retrieved from http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-01-26/pdf/2012-1010.pdf Students behave better with healthy lunches. (2012). Abc. go. Retrieved from http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/AmericanFamily/story?id=125404page=1

Business Report of Caterpillar Inc. Essay -- CAT Stock Market Finances

Business Report of Caterpillar Inc. Data and information relative to Caterpillar, Inc. was collected via the internet. Current information was crucial to keeping the report timely and accurate. The five members assigned to the group wrote one section per person. Research was conducted on a separate basis, and construction of the report was on a group level. Each team member is responsible for their own assigned areas and nothing more. Financial Analysis Caterpillar is a publicly traded corporation listed on the New York Stock Exchange. It’s SIC codes indicate their main areas of enterprise are construction machinery, internal combustion engines, and short term business credit and insurance. But this dynamic company has many qualities underneath the surface of its image. These qualities are neither good nor bad. These are Caterpillar’s financial components. Sales Caterpillar, Inc. primary income is made from sales of machinery and engines . These sales are made to clients in construction, agriculture, and manufacturing industries. Caterpillar divides their sales based on geographic location where the For example, third quarter sales were split between North America, EAME (Europe, Africa, and the Middle East), Latin America, and Asia. North America on average takes up 54% of total sales each quarter (see figure 1.) Total sales revenue for the third quarter 2000 amounted to $4.78 billion, one percent higher than the previous year third quarter. Sales volume increased by 2 percent and financial products increased by 12 percent. Caterpillar bases their sales upon two different tiers, although they sell a wide range of different products. The first breakdown consists of what they deem as machinery. The second area of sales consists of engines. Operating profit comparisons for the third quarters of 1999 and 2000 can be seen in table 1. Caterpillar has blamed third quarter deficiencies in revenue on the weak Eurodollar. Since 27 percent of their total sales are made in the European region, their claim may be true. As long as Caterpillar depends on foreign markets for sales, they will face problems with fluctuations in foreign currency. Receivables Caterpillar owns and operates a financing corporation to handle its incredibly large receivable account. Receivables make up 30 percent of total assets and short-term receivab... ...on have major intellectual and financial backing, as well as good reason to come to an agreement. However, the knowledge, skills and commitment needed to survive today in international business must be found on the plant floor as well as in the office. Noting the need for cooperation, the union local president asked â€Å"What the hell are they going to do when they get that work force back in there? Who’s going to cooperate†? That quote is the basis for this weakness of Caterpillar, Inc. What is going to happen at the end of this contract when another one needs to be made? Are the employees of caterpillar still bitter about the strike? Are the supervisors and directors at Caterpillar still bitter? Only time will tell. Fites is no longer the Chairman and CEO of Caterpillar, so some problems with him may be solved. But there is no doubt that some bitterness is still present in both the floor and the towers of Caterpillar, Inc. For these reasons, Caterpillar may not be a good purchase of stock. They may be doing quite well now, but what if you invest money in them, only to see your money possibly be dwindled away by another bitter strike, or individual sales were contrived.

Sociology Marriage and Divorce

Sociology – Family Unit – Marriage and Divorce Most people argue that the family is in ‘crisis’. They point to the rapidly increasing divorce rate, cohabitation, illegitimacy and number of single parent families. What is happening to Marriage? Marriage has increased in popularity, reaching a peak in 1971. Since then there has been a significant decline in the number of marriages, from 459000 in 1971 to 250000 in 2001. There is a decline in first marriages where neither partner has been married before.But there is a growing number of remarriages, in which one or both partners have been divorced; these marriages constitute 15% of all marriages in 1971 and 40% in 1996. The average age at which people first marry has steadily increased in recent decades. Since 1971 it has risen from 24 to 30 for men and from 22 to 28 for women. By 1998 there were relatively few young people who were married. Of those under the age of 24 just 3% of men and 7% of women were marri ed. More than one third of all 18 – 49 year old women are now single.Is Marriage still the Norm? Despite all the arguments about the decline of marriage, it continues to be the case that most people in Britain grow up and form a nuclear family for part of their adult life. Most couples who get married or have stable cohabitation relationships have children. The family unit is still mainly one in which children are brought up by two ‘parents’. The majority (71%) of young people live in families headed by a couple. Just less than a quarter (24%) live in single parent households.The majority of lone-parent families (90%) are headed by women, and the major reason is separation or divorce from the male partner, although some women are single or widowed. Cohabitation is most likely to be found among those aged 25 – 34 years. Over one in five (22%) in this age group currently cohabit. The majority (59%) of those who live together subsequently go on to marry that partner. In some respects marriage is more popular because people marry more often. The percentage of remarriage has risen from 14% in 1961 to 40% in 1996. Cohabitation Living together as a couple is no longer seen as ‘living in sin’. Read also  Sociology and Social Integration.Increasingly the idea of cohabiting is being viewed as respectable. Two thirds (67%) of the British public now regard cohabitation as acceptable, even when the couple have no intention in getting married. The idea that people should get married if they have children is also fading away. In 1989, 7 in 10 people held this view. By 2001 the proportion had fallen to just over half (54%). Nor is there much support these days for the belief that married couples make better parents – only 1 in 4 (27%) think this is the case. Marriage Patterns for African-Caribbean’s and AsiansResearch carried out at Essex University in 2000 indicates that only 39% of British-born African-Caribbean adults under the age of 60 are in a formal marriage compared with 60% of white adults. Moreover this group is more likely than any other group to inter-marry. The number of mixed-race partnerships means that very few African-Caribbean men and women are ma rried to each other. Only one quarter of Caribbean children live with two black parents. There is also a tradition of women living independently from their children’s father in the African-Caribbean community.This could be partly explained historically, from the days of slavery, when husbands and wives were sold to separate plantations. But Wilson (1987) argues that a black woman may be reluctant to marry (or live with) a man whose chances of getting / keeping a job are low and make him an unreliable source of income for themselves and their children. Consequently half of Caribbean families with children are now single parents. Marriage in Asian families whether Muslim, Hindu or Sikh is mainly arranged and consequently there is little inter-marriage with other religions or cultures.Relationships between Asian parents and their children are also very different, Asian children tend to respect religious and cultural traditions and they feel a strong sense of duty to their famili es and especially their elders. Taken as a whole young British Asians have more choice and say than previous generations. Their current situation is probably not dramatically different from that of young no-Asian adults who, while choosing their marital partners on the basis of romantic love, often marry people very similar to themselves in terms of background factors such as social class and educational qualifications.Parental influence may be less direct than in an arranged marriage, but parents can show disapproval on ‘inappropriate’ boyfriends or girlfriends. What are the Patterns in Divorce? From 1971 to 1996 the number of divorces has more than doubled. In 1991 there were 350000 marriages but 171000 divorces meaning that there were nearly half as many divorces as marriages. The proportion of marriages, which are remarriages, has also been rising, for example 15% of all marriages in 1961 were re-marriages for one or both partners; by 1991 this figure has risen to 3 6%.Britain has the highest divorce rate in Europe according to official EU statistics (Eurostat, June 2001). Each year, 2. 7 people per thousand of the population get divorced in Britain compared with the EU average of 1. 8 per thousand. Who Divorces? Young spouses and young marriages are most at risk. A person’s age at marriage is strongly associated with the likelihood of divorce. Generally speaking, the older people are when they marry, the less chance they have of divorcing. Couples who marry in their teens are almost twice as likely to divorce as those who marry between the ages of 20 and 24.The divorce rate also varies by the amount of time the marriage has lasted. For example, in 1979 nearly half of all divorces occurred within the first 10 years. One investigation (Thornes and Collard, 1979) found that of all marital separations (rather than legal divorces), 60% occurred before the 10th year of marriage. Social class is also closely related to the incidence of divorce . The divorce rate for unskilled husbands is more than four times that for professionals and for the unemployed, almost five times that for the professionals.Patterns in Marriage and Divorce Feminist sociologists see the trends as a sign of the lack of satisfaction provided by traditional patriarchal marriage, with individuals seeking alternative types of relationships and living arrangements. New Right thinkers have seen the trends as a sign of the breakdown of the family and have argued for a return to ‘traditional values’. They suggest that because of the easy availability of divorce, people are no longer as committed to the family as they were in the past.Changes in legislation which have made divorce easier but also social changes in which the law reflect are seen as the main causes of the increase in divorce rates. Have Women Broken up the Family? The position of women has changed in a number of ways, such as the wife does not have to put up with an unsatisfactory marriage; they are not expected to be socially subservient to their husbands. Women now have more independence and are in a better financial position if they were to want a divorce; they are no longer totally reliant on their husbands.It was stated that women in general are less satisfied with their marriages than men. In the 1990’s women initiated the majority of divorces. Growing Secularisation Secularisation refers to the declining influence of religious beliefs and institutions. Goode and Gibson argued that secularisation has resulted in marriage becoming less o a sacred, spiritual union and more a personal and practical commitment. Evidence that supports this is that 60% of marriages today do not involve a religious ceremony. Changing Social AttitudesDivorce has become more socially acceptable and there is less social disapproval and stigma attached to divorces. It no longer hinders careers through a public sense of scandal and outrage. As a result of this people are le ss afraid of the consequences of divorce and are more likely to end an unhappy marriage. Functionalists such as Talcott Parsons and Renoald Fletcher argue that the increased value of marriage may have caused a rise in marital breakdown. As people expect and demand more from a marriage and expect it to be perfect.Fletcher argues that a relatively high divorce rate may be indicative not of lower but of higher standards of marriage in society. Privatised Marriages Allan argues that the family has become increasingly defined as a private institution. The wider family, and society at large, do not have the right to interfere in family life and therefore the family unit is not supported by its integration into a wider social network, which means family problems cannot be so easily shared. Love and Marriage – Why are Arranged Marriages Stronger? Within an arranged marriage people have more realistic expectations than those who marry for love.People who support arranged marriages sug gest that love is something that develops overtime, where as romantic love is likely to change into something less exciting, or disappear altogether Sociology – Family Unit – Births and The Ageing Population Births One of the strongest trends has been the rise in illegitimacy. Illegitimacy rates are rising, as more people have children without being married. Some of the stigma associated with illegitimacy no longer exists. This is countered by the New Right’s assault on unmarried mothers, who have been the scapegoat to a certain extent by the media who blame them for the modern failings of society.Unmarried mothers may not be that different to nuclear families as some of these children born outside of a marriage are born to a couple who cohabit or are in a stable relationship, so will therefore have the same advantages / life as a nuclear family child. It is just that the mother and father / couple are not legally married. More and more women are deciding not to have children, as they’d rather focus on / have a career. Having a career may also be the reason for women having children later on in their lives. The Ageing PopulationThe population as a whole are getting older as people are now living longer. This could be seen as a negative or a positive thing. According to the negative view this gives a greater dependence ratio whereby the working population have a greater burden to take care of those not working. Increased pressure on hospitals, social services and pensions will lead to a greater tax burden. On the positive side, it can be argued that since older people are now more likely to stay fit and healthy they may become an important part of our families (childcare for grandchildren) and as part of the voluntary workforce.Ginn and Arber found that the level to which older people could maintain their independence and play a constructive part in society depended to a large extent on their social class, gender and ethnicity. The n otion of ageing itself is a socially constructed concept that varies from culture to culture. The retirement age itself has moved several times and still varies between men and women reinforce the notion that old age is in itself a social construction.

Hvac Tube

Tube in tube condensers Small tube in tube condensers Straight tube in tube condensers Shell and water cooled condensers Vertical shell and coil water cooled condensers Shell and tube water cooled condensers Vertical shell and tube condensers Surface condenser Counter flow in condensers Cross flow in condensers Air cooled condensers Cooling Tower Re circulated water system Condenser control Condenser capacity Condensing temperature control Expansion valve Objectives Expansion device Superheat sensor on dry expansion circuit Thermostatic expansion valve Automatic expansion valveThermal electric expansion valve Capillary tube High pressure float valve Low pressure float valve TWO Control Operation of thermostatic expansion valve TWO Operation Evaporator Evaporator Control Splitting finned – tube evaporator coils Row – split coil configuration Refrigeration accessories and their locations Superconductivity. Webby. Com Filtering and drying Pressure controls and their applic ation Window air conditioners The refrigeration system of the window air conditioner Parts of the window air conditioners The reiteration system to the window air conditioner :The refrigeration system of the window air conditioner: Types of Split A/c Parts of a split air – conditioning system Air filter Outdoor unit Refrigerant piping or tubing Working of split AC Pressure sides Air Conditioning schematic system : The various steps involved in this method are: 1. Select suitable velocities in the main and branch ducts. 2. Find the diameters of main and branch ducts from airflow rates and velocities for circular ducts. For rectangular ducts, find the cross – sectional area from flow rate and velocity, and then y fixing the aspect ratio, find the two sides of the rectangular duct. . From the velocities and duct dimensions obtained in the previous step, find the frictional pressure drop for main and branch ducts using friction chart or equation

New Opioid Dosage Forms and Treatments for Dependence

New Opioid Dosage Forms and Treatments for Dependence Introduction Opioids fall in a class of drugs that have been used for centuries to manage pain and records show that their usage started in times of ancient Egypt. Research has led to the discovery of special receptors that these drugs work on in the brain and initial studies use morphine to demonstrate a ‘morphine receptor’ (Trescot et al., 2008). A variety of receptors for this class of drugs has since been discovered and new opioids have been discovered and synthetically manufactured.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on New Opioid Dosage Forms and Treatments for Dependence specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The pharmacokinetic properties of these newer drugs have generated interest in a number of studies and recently the metabolism of most opioids has been clearly understood. A characteristic of most opioids that has led to their misuse and development of legislation to control their use is the pot ential addictive properties that they are associated with during their usage. Specific opioids in special dosage forms are also used for the treatment of opioid dependence. New opioid dosage forms and treatment for opioid dependency have increasingly become part of medical treatments in the recent history with buprenorphine being an important drug for this function (Trescot et al., 2008). This research paper examines the pharmacology of opioids and their use in the treatment of opioid dependency, and specifically it looks at buprenorphine while comparing it with methadone. Factors affecting oral bioavailability of buprenorphine The bioavailability of a drug determines the dosage forms and how much of the unchanged form of the drug reaches the systemic circulation (Griessinger et al., 2005). Each route of administration has factors affecting the bioavailability, which are dependent on the body and drug characteristics. The intravenous route of drug administration provides the highest bioavailability, which is set at 100%. On the other hand, oral administration and bioavailability are affected by the drug characteristics such as solubility, hydrophilic or lipophilic nature, and the receptors that a drug uses to get into the bloodstream (Griessinger et al., 2005). Incomplete absorption of a drug while in the gastrointestinal system causes low bioavailability. Very hydrophilic drugs are unable to cross the lipid cell membrane, while highly lipophilic drugs are unable to cross the water layer that covers and surrounds the cells involved in absorption (Griessinger et al., 2005). These elements are some of the factors affecting the oral bioavailability of buprenorphine. The receptor at the absorption site that the drug interacts with is also a significant determinant of the availability of the drug. Some receptors are involved in pumping the drug back to the gut lumen and when these are inhibited, the bioavailability increases (Griessinger et al., 2005).Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The oral availability of buprenorphine is poor and it is affected by all the factors described above. However, the most important factor affecting the oral bioavailability of buprenorphine is the high metabolism by the liver and the intestines (Murphy et al., 2013). When buprenorphine is administered orally, the drug is metabolized in the liver and the gut by special enzymes, which leads to the reduction in the proportion of the drug that is available in the bloodstream. The breakdown of a drug by gut enzymes and processes in the liver has conveniently been referred to as the first pass effect (Griessinger et al., 2005). The main enzyme system responsible for the degradation of the drugs in the liver is the cytochrome P450 (CYP), which is also responsible for the breakdown of buprenorphine. Murphy et al., (2013) posit, â€Å"Buprenorphine is converted in the liver primarily by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 to an active metabolite (nor-buprenorphine with weak intrinsic activity† (p. 316). The breakdown of buprenorphine by the hepatic enzymes causes a reduction in the bioavailability, hence the efficacy of the drug. One way that can be used to increase the concentration of the drug that reaches the systemic circulation is increasing the dosage that is administered via the oral route. However, an increase in the dosage will mean more side effects as the metabolites affect other receptors. Therefore, the increase in dosage is not a desirable way of overcoming the first pass effect. Another way in which the first pass effect affects buprenorphine in the liver is the process of glucuronidation that takes place here. According to Murphy et al., (2013), buprenorphine and its metabolite -norbuprenorphine, undergo glucuronidation in the liver and the process reduces its availability. Various methods have been used to overco me the first pass effect that the drug undergoes when administered through the oral route. Buprenorphine is currently unavailable in oral formulations and the current formulations include the sublingual route and transdermal patches (Murphy et al., 2013). According to Murphy et al., (2013), methods that can be used to reduce the drug first pass effect include the use of sublingual route, the transdermal routes, and the rectal suppositories. When drugs are administered through the oral route, the absorbed drug and its metabolites are absorbed to the portal system where the drug is taken to the liver and further transformation takes place. The use of the sublingual route of administration avoids the portal system that takes blood to the liver, and the CYP enzymes break down less of the drug. Once the sublingual formulation is administered, it goes directly to the systemic circulation, hence avoiding the first pass effect (Murphy et al., 2013). According to Trescot et al. (2008), bupre norphine has high lipid solubility and due to this characteristic, the sublingual bioavailability is high.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on New Opioid Dosage Forms and Treatments for Dependence specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This method is one of the ways in which researchers and pharmacists have been in a position to avoid the first pass effect. The use of transdermal patches is also common outside the US (Murphy et al., 2013). Transdermal patches are also effective in avoiding the portal system, hence reducing the first pass effect associated with liver metabolism by the Cytochrome P450 system (Murphy et al., 2013). Drug-receptor relationships Drug receptors are specific to a certain class of drugs and they are located in areas where the drug will have the desired effect. Opioid receptors have been located in the brain tissue and in other tissues in the body, and specific opioids have specific receptors that they bind. The main opioid receptors are the â€Å"Mu (ÃŽ ¼) receptor, the Kappa (ÃŽ º) receptor (agonist ketocyclazocine), the Delta (ÃŽ ´) receptor (agonist delta-alanine-delta-leucine-enkephalin), and the Sigma (ÏÆ') receptors (agonist N-allylnormetazocine) (Trescot et al. 2008, p. 135). Different types of opioids exhibit the several drug-receptor relationships with different receptors being involved. Opioids can be classified based on their drug-receptor relationships and this classification consists â€Å"agonists, antagonists, and partial agonists or antagonists† (Trescot et al., 2008, p. 134). The affinity of these drugs at their respective receptors can be described as being the â€Å"strength of interaction between the drug and its receptor† (Trescot et al., 2008, p. 133). The efficacy of a drug is also considered when discussing the drug affinity and affinity can be described as â€Å"the strength of activity of a drug due to its drug-receptor interac tion† (Trescot et al., 2008, p. 133). According to Trescot et al. (2008), an agonist at a receptor is a drug that processes both affinity for the receptor and as a result, it has efficacy. On the other hand, an antagonist has affinity, but its efficacy is absent (Trescot et al., 2008). Drugs with affinity and partial efficacy can be described as being partial agonists at the particular receptor (Trescot et al., 2008). Partial agonist: Buprenorphine Buprenorphine is classified as one of the opioids with low efficacy despite its high affinity, and thus it is a partial agonist (Trescot et al., 2008). This particular drug exhibits affinity at the Mu receptor where it binds by exhibiting its partial effect. It also possesses kappa receptor antagonism, which forms the basis of its use as an analgesic (Trescot et al., 2008).Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The drug-receptor activity for this drug has also allowed its use in the management of opioid intoxication, as an abuse deterrent and a maintenance therapy for the detoxification and management of pain (Trescot et al., 2008). Its partial antagonistic effect at the kappa receptor is restricted to a certain level. This ceiling effect means that the drug is only useful up to a certain level and beyond this point, there is limited effect, but just the side effects that can be attributed to any other opioid (Trescot et al., 2008). Partial agonist: Oxycodone Oxycodone is a partial kappa opioid receptor agonist (Murphy et al., 2013). This drug acts on the kappa receptor in different parts of the body to exert its effect and cause the desired effects. Oxycodone is partial kappa opioid receptor and this aspect means that the drug is not as efficacious as other agonists, and thus it is available in combination form with other related drugs and classes of drugs to provide better efficacy (Mur phy et al., 2013). The drugs that are combined with oxycodone to provide a better effect include acetaminophen and aspirin, which act in concert to produce pain relief (Murphy et al., 2013). Opioid Antagonists: Naloxone Naloxone is â€Å"an opioid receptor antagonist and it acts at different opioid receptors, thus causing competitive antagonism† (Trescot et al., 2008, p. 139). Naloxone has a competitive antagonism at the delta, Mu, and kappa receptors and according to Trescot et al. (2008), this opioid antagonist has a â€Å"high affinity for the mu receptor, but it lacks any mu receptor efficacy† (p. 140). The drug exerts its effects on both the central nervous system and any other peripheral tissue in the body and the pharmacologic uses are dependent on these actions on the receptors. Naloxone is mainly used to reverse adverse opioid effects and it is useful in the maintenance of other treatments, deterrence to the use of opioids, and detoxification (Trescot et al., 2008). However, its main use is in the management of opioid toxicity due to its antagonistic nature at the opioid receptors. Combination of the drug with other drugs such as buprenorphine is also used to prevent users from abusing the second drug when given intravenously (Trescot et al., 2008). Studies are also being conducted to establish whether the drug can be used to suppress tolerance to other drugs such as oxycodone (Trescot et al., 2008). Opioid Antagonists: Naltrexone Naltrexone is also an opioid receptor antagonist and like naloxone, it acts at different opioid receptors by causing competitive antagonism (Trescot et al., 2008). Naltrexone also exhibits competitive antagonism at the delta, Mu, and kappa receptors and Trescot et al. (2008) state that like Naloxone, this opioid antagonist has a â€Å"high affinity for the mu receptor, it lacks any mu receptor efficacy† (p. 140). The drug also exerts its effects on both the peripheral and central nervous system and man y other tissues in the body with the receptors. The pharmacologic uses are similar to those of Naloxone and they are dependent on these actions on the receptors. Naltrexone is mainly used to reverse adverse opioid effects and it is useful in the maintenance of other treatments, deterrence to the use of opioids and in detoxification (Trescot et al., 2008). Like Naloxone, the main use of Naltrexone is in the management of opioid toxicity due to its antagonistic nature at the opioid receptors. Combination of the drug with other drugs such as buprenorphine is also done to prevent users from abusing the second drug when given through the intravenous route (Trescot et al., 2008). Studies are also being conducted on Naltrexone as with Naloxone to establish whether the drug can be used to suppress tolerance to other drugs such as oxycodone (Trescot et al., 2008). Opioid Agonists-Antagonists: Pentazocine Opioid agonist-antagonists have poor efficacy at the mu receptor, but they have agonist ic properties at the kappa receptors (Trescot et al., 2008). Pentazocine is a good example of partial agonist-antagonists and it exhibits all the characteristics that the group processes. Partial agonist-antagonism means that the affinity of Pentazocine at the mu receptors is high with a corresponding low efficacy at the same receptor (Trescot et al., 2008). The drug is used as an analgesic like many opioids, but it also has a ceiling effect where increase in dosage will not lead to increase in analgesic properties, but only the toxicity of the drug (Trescot et al., 2008). Respiratory depression Reparatory depression is a major side effect property of opioids and it is exhibited by the reduction in the respiratory rate leading to the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood stream. Opioid activity on the mu receptors is the main known cause of respiratory depression in individuals using opioid drugs. This side effect is potentially fatal and it varies with the tee of opioid that is used. It is also dependent on the personal characteristics of individuals and it is more pronounced in children as compared to adults. Buprenorphine and morphine are some of the opioids that exhibit this property of respiratory depression. However, these two opioids have different characteristics in their respiratory depression as discussed later in this paper. Difference between buprenorphine and morphine Morphine causes direct respiratory depression by acting on the mu receptors in the brain (Trescot et al., 2008). The drug binds to the receptor in the nucleus accumbens in the brain and the result of this activity is a decrease in response to carbon dioxide concentration rise in the bloodstream (Trescot et al., 2008). When the reaction to high levels of carbon dioxide in blood is inhibited, the respiratory level decreases, which lead to the retention of more carbon dioxide in the blood. The result of accumulation of carbon dioxide in blood is a drop in the pH, thus resulting in respiratory acidosis. According to Trescot et al. (2008), the response curve shifts towards the right. One known characteristic of morphine is that acidosis leads to increased delivery of the drug to the brain tissues (Trescot et al., 2008). As the blood carbon dioxide increases due to the depression of the nucleus accumbens and respiratory acidosis occurs, the amount of morphine that is delivered to the brain increases and this aspect further acts to cause profound respiratory depression that may be fatal (Trescot et al., 2008). Therefore, increase in morphine causes an increase in the respiratory depression and it can be said to be dose dependent. Respiratory depression occurring from buprenorphine is not central, as it is evident with morphine. On the contrary, buprenorphine induces respiratory depression by acting on the mu receptors located in the lungs and not in the brain (Ohtani et al., 1997). As stated earlier, buprenorphine is a partial agonist, and thus the respiratory d epression that it exhibits has a ceiling effect (Murphy et al., 2013). The binding of this drug to the mu receptors is also stronger as compared to the binding by morphine, and thus the effects take longer and they may be prolonged (Murphy et al., 2013). The tight binding means that reversal using the opioid antagonists like naltrexone is harder as compared to other opioids. Importance of the difference The differences between the two drugs are significant in the application and daily use of the drugs in the management of pain and opioid toxicity. By exerting respiratory depression centrally, morphine can be used in limited doses, which must be monitored. The toxicity that can come from this drug is also profound and it may be fatal. Higher doses of buprenorphine can be used as compared to the safest doses of morphine. Another implication is that the management of respiratory depression for buprenorphine may be hard using opioid antagonists such as naloxone as compared to the respir atory depression that is caused by morphine. Dose-response curves The dose response curves for the respiratory depression caused by morphine and buprenorphine are different. The respiratory depression in the curves can be represented by the decrease in ventilation rated after administration of the two drugs. Graph showing the ventilation rate against the concentration of buprenorphine (source: Ohtani et al., 1997). Transdermal dosage form of buprenorphine Buprenorphine is available in the oral and transdermal route and a patch is applied to deliver constant drug doses for a period. The transdermal application of buprenorphine has several differences in the dosage, bioavailability, and efficacy to the use of the oral route. The transdermal route is better tolerated compared to the oral route with fewer side effects being experienced due to the use of this path of drug administration (Pergolizzi et al., 2010). The common side effects at the area of application are the development of erythema and pruritus (Pergolizzi et al., 2010). The transdermal route of application of methadone also lasts longer as compared to the use of the oral preparation. According to Pergolizzi et al., (2010), the patch acts as a depot for the drug, thus ensuring a constant supply of the same on the body’s demand. The oral route requires frequent administration of the drug when used to manage pain and in the management of opioid toxicity. On the other hand, a transdermal patch has been used for over three days with researchers showing that it is still efficacious after the third day (Pergolizzi et al., 2010). As earlier described, the first pass effect of a drug is important in the determination of its bioavailability. Through the application of buprenorphine orally, there is a considerable chance of the drug going through the first pass effect, which results in the reduction of the drug’s bioavailability. The use of the transdermal patch allows the bypass of the liver and the gastrointestinal system, thus reducing the first pass effect (Pergolizzi et al., 2010). However, the transdermal route is a slower method of delivery of buprenorphine and it cannot be used to deliver the drug when it is needed more urgently. On the other hand, the sublingual and oral route, according to Pergolizzi et al. (2010), is a faster way of delivery of the drug. Buprenorphine vs. methadone Methadone is a synthetic diphenylheptane and it acts on the mu opioid receptor as an agonist (Trescot et al., 2008). This drug is unique with properties different from those exhibited by other opioids. The difference with other opioids will be compared in this section by using buprenorphine. The half-life of the two drugs, time of onset, and duration of effect and the dosing regimens will be used in the comparison. Half-life Trescot et al. (2008) posits that the half-life of a drug â€Å"is the time that it takes for its blood concentration to reduce by half† (p. 144). The plasma half-life of buprenorphine is 3-5 hours, which means that the drug plasma concentration reduces by half after 3 to 5 hours of administration. The faster reduction in concentration of the drug when given through the sublingual route means frequent administration and this aspect underscores a setback in the management of intoxication since a more frequent dosage is required (Trescot et al., 2008). The transdermal patch also has the same half-life, but the availability is high and it provides a depot for the drug. Methadone has a long half-life as compared to buprenorphine and this aspect can be attributed to the high lipid solubility (Trescot et al., 2008). High lipid solubility means that the drug is widely distributed in tissues, especially in fat tissue, which provides methadone with a very long elimination phase (Trescot et al., 2008). Due to this aspect, the half-life is stated to be between 12 and 150 hours, and hence methadone may be administered once daily or longer than bupr enorphine. A comparison of the two drugs shows that methadone has a longer half-life as compared to buprenorphine. Time of onset/duration of effect The time of onset of effects of a drug is the time that passes between the administration of a drug and the patient to experience its effects. In the case of buprenorphine, the onset of effects is three to four hours after administration through the sublingual route (Murphy et al., 2013). This onset of action is slower as compared to other opioids and it is desired where the treatment of toxicity of opioids is to be treated (Murphy et al., 2013). The onset of action for buprenorphine, while using the transdermal route, is also slower as compared to the sublingual route. The duration of action of this drug is also long and it lasts for 12-150 hours Methadone is similar to buprenorphine in the onset of action, and the process is even slower when given orally. However, the take taken for methadone to act is longer than that of buprenorphine and this case has been reported in some literature to be 4-5 days. This observation means that methadone can be administered in longer doses duration such as once daily and its effects can last longer (Murphy et al., 2013). Dosing regimens used The dosing regimen can be described as the formulation, route of administration, the dosage, and interval of administration of a drug (Murphy et al., 2013). Buprenorphine is available as a sublingual tablet, while methadone is available in most places as an oral liquid formulation (Murphy et al., 2013). The onset of action for buprenorphine, as stated earlier, is slow and this characteristic is compatible with the slow onset of action that methadone has in its functioning. The buprenorphine tablets are dissolved under the tongue, while the liquid formulation of methadone is swallowed. Alternate day dosing for buprenorphine is also possible, while it is impossible for methadone. Conclusion Opioids have been used in the management of pain for a long time and a number of factors have contributed to their preference over other classes of drugs. This paper has described some of the receptors that opioids bind to exert their effects and the receptor-drug interaction has been described by giving examples. A number of opioids are also used in the management of opioid toxicity based on the receptor interactions that they display. The paper focused on buprenorphine to examine some of the pharmacokinetic properties of opioids. Respiratory depression was stated as a major side effect of the opioids and there are established differences between respiratory depression provided by buprenorphine and that produced by morphine. A comparison between methadone and buprenorphine was also provided in the paper. References Griessinger, N., Sittl, R., Likar, R. (2005). Transdermal buprenorphine in clinical practice-a post-marketing surveillance study in 13,179 patients. Current Medical Research Opinion, 21(1), 1147–1156. Murphy, L., F ishman, P., McPherson, S., Dyck, D., Roll, J. (2013). Determinants of buprenorphine treatment for opioid dependence. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 46(3), 315-319. Ohtani, M., Kotaki, H., Nishitateno, K., Sawada, Y., Iga, T. (1997). Kinetics of respiratory depression in rats induced by buprenorphine and its metabolite, norbuprenorphine. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapies, 281(1), 428–433. Pergolizzi, J., Aloisi, A., Dahan, A., Filitz, J., Langford, R., Likar, R., Mercadante, S., Morlion, B., Raffa, R., Sabatowski, R., Sacerdote, P., Torres, L., Weinbroum, A. (2010). Current Knowledge of Buprenorphine and Its Unique Pharmacological Profile. Pain Practice, 10(5), 428–450. Trescot, A., Datta, S., Lee, M., Hansen, H. (2008). Opioid Pharmacology. Pain Physician, 12(2), 133-153.

Gerunds

Gerunds Gerunds Gerunds By Maeve Maddox Like the word grammar itself, the grammatical term gerund is often mentioned with a shudder. If you already understand all about gerunds, this post is not for you. If you’d like to review the concept, read on. A gerund is a verbal. If you’ve read previous posts about present and past participles, you know that a verbal is one of the principal parts of the verb that retains some verb functions at the same time it is being used as a different part of speech. A gerund is an -ing verb form used as a noun. Like a verb, a gerund can take objects and be modified by adverbs and adverbial phrases, but its function in a sentence is to serve as a noun–a noun that ends in -ing. What do nouns do? Nouns are used as the following parts of a sentence: 1. Subject 2. Direct Object 3. Subject Complement 4. Object of a Preposition Anything a noun can do, a gerund can do–because a gerund is a noun. A gerund is a noun that ends in -ing. Gerunds may be used alone or as part of a phrase. 1. Gerund as the subject of a sentence Reading is her favorite pastime. (Reading is a gerund used alone as the subject of the sentence.) Studying English has its rewards. (Studying is a gerund that has a direct object, â€Å"English.† The gerund phrase functions as the subject of the verb â€Å"has.†) Picnicking in the woods has its downside. (Picnicking is a gerund modified by a prepositional phrase, â€Å"in the woods.† The gerund phrase is the subject of the verb â€Å"has.†) 2. Gerund as a direct object My Aunt Rose loves traveling. (Traveling is a gerund used alone as the direct object of the verb â€Å"loves.†) After a week in the wild, we appreciate sleeping inside. (Sleeping is a gerund modified by the adverb â€Å"inside.† The gerund phrase is the direct object of the verb â€Å"appreciate.† Farhad enjoys singing in the shower. (Singing is a gerund modified by a prepositional phrase, â€Å"in the shower.† The gerund phrase is the direct object of the verb â€Å"enjoys.† 3. Gerund as a subject complement My cats’ favorite occupation is sleeping. (Sleeping is a gerund that completes the being verb â€Å"is.† Jack’s daily exercise is running laps. (Running is a gerund that has a direct object, â€Å"laps.† The gerund phrase completes the being verb â€Å"is.† Hester’s hobby is gardening on her rooftop. (Gardening is a gerund modified by a prepositional phrase, â€Å"on her rooftop.† The gerund phrase completes the being verb â€Å"is† and restates the subject. 4. Gerund as the object of a preposition His parents punished him for stealing. (Stealing is a gerund functioning as the object of the preposition â€Å"for.†) The search party rescued the child by climbing a cliff. (Climbing is a gerund that has a direct object, â€Å"cliff.† The gerund phrase functions as the object of the preposition â€Å"by.† Falstaff attempts to flee by hiding in a laundry basket. (Hiding is a gerund that has a prepositional phrase, â€Å"in a laundry basket.† The gerund phrase â€Å"hiding in a laundry basket† is itself the object of a preposition: â€Å"by.†) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar 101 category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Similes from Literature to Inspire You50 Idioms About Meat and Dairy Products13 Theatrical Terms in Popular Usage

Charlie Chaplin's The Kid Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Charlie Chaplin's The Kid - Movie Review Example . When viewers from a wider spectrum of society appreciate a film that celebrates cross-dressing, this indicates not only that the film has an intrinsic emotional appeal, but that the general audience is ripe for the message of sexual variation and tolerance. The transformation is not at all simple or one-sided, though, and what makes the film emotionally affecting is the very fact that the main character maintains conflicting impulses, creating real tension within a single character. Even when the setting is changed, Chaplin is there under fake pretenses, and the comic elements of the film arise from his mistaken interpretations of social issues. I understand a unique nature of the main character and his universal wisdom based on personal philosophy and life experience. Chaplin carries the film in a number of senses, for it is not just her face, his words, and his gestures that enrapture us; all the dramatic conflict of the plot also takes place within the character. It is possible to assume that "heaven" is a "better life" and a society free from social uinequalities and hardship. By association with a unique personality, the star will take on the exceptional attributes of honesty, courage, intelligence, passion, religious fervor, purity.

Literary Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Literary Analysis - Essay Example The works under discussion contain autobiographic motive, because the writers have experienced disadvantages of being bilingual. The novel â€Å"Native Speaker† describes life of a mixed marriage in New York through the prism of power of language. Henry Park is a non-native speaker, who has made a successful career in Glimmer and Associates, but is not separated from his national roots. He works among multicultural staff, that’s why he should be tactful and flexible enough. His wife Leila teaches English at school and comes across linguistic barrier and conflicts in multi-cultural society. In the essay â€Å"Mother Tongue† the author demonstrates variety of language in everyday life. Tan’s mother belongs to a well-known and respected family in Shanghai and has been living there for several decades. For people of her age it is not so easy to adapt to new social and cultural conditions in the USA. â€Å"The lack of shared languages and cultural logics remai ns a central theme throughout all the narratives in Tan’s book. This absence transcends the simple linguistic dichotomies or cultural misunderstandings.† (Bloom et al, 2001) In this case, poor knowledge of language is the main obstacle for Asian Americans. It affects perception and attitude towards representatives of ethnic minorities in different spheres of life. The episode at the hospital shows that medical staff breaks official rules and treats Mrs. Tan improperly only because they lack of time to find a lost medical record. She is a middle-aged Asian American, who speaks emotionally and makes many mistakes; thus, many English native-speakers would consider Mrs. Tan as a limited, slow-witted person. This is a long-term effect of a wrong historical theory that white race prevails over other ethnic groups. Although US society is multinational, Eurocentric model of thinking is a

Personal Financial Planning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Personal Financial Planning - Assignment Example Ruth receives index-linked occupational pension of 16,000 per year. She has 50,000 in ISAs which earns 7,000 yearly. They own a house with a net value of 350,000. They also want to leave something to Edward and William, hence, they will need to invest in a National Savings Certificate which can be encashed by the mother if both boys are still below seven years old. Since they will need a pre-income tax level of 3,000 pounds monthly, the couple needs to invest their money in a better set of investment instruments that will let them achieve this income level. At the moment, they only earn a total of 2,450 monthly from the current wealth portfolio they hold. Except for the National Savings Certificate income, the other investment returns are subject to a 20% tax rate. Ned Larken's 300,000 in a FTSE Short Index 100 share Exchange Transfer Fund (ETF) and 200,000 in a S&P 500 Exchange Transfer Fund (ETF) nets a yearly return of 11%. An ETF is a basket of securities that trades throughout the day on a particular exchange in the same way that a company share does. The ETFs are priced continually, and the price fluctuates throughout the day. The ETF pays a dividend if the dividends of the portfolio shares exceed the fund's expense. The advantages of an ETF investment consist of passive management, low expenses, trading flexibility and transparency. The aim of the ETFs is to replicate the return of their benchmark indexes. The ETFs usually hold the same securities as their indexes in an effort to match their returns. The ETFs charges a low annual expense for management and other fund expenses. It also possesses a certain trading flexibility. The ETF is transparent as the securities held in an ETF are always well-known. As shares trade throughout the day, the fund's holdings must be disclosed in order for the shares to be correctly priced. Institutional investors can take advantage of the arbitrage opportunity as well, which exists when there is the potential to profit from the differences between the ETF price and the price of the given basket of securities. This tends to help keep the fund's price close to its Net Asset Value.The first disadvantage of the FTSE 100 and S&P 500 is that it is less diversified, ow ning a large number of shares in one or two industries. Thus, the ETFs are likely to be more heavily affected by movements in the prices of these securities than funds that are diversified across a greater number of shares. Their performance will depend more on how this kind of security performs. They are less diversified than the broad stock market ETFs. For example, the five biggest companies in the FTSE 100 constitute approximately one-third of the market value of the overall index, and two of them are global oil companies. This lack of broad diversification makes the performance of the FTSE 100 and related ETFs very sensitive to the changes in the oil industry. The second disadvantage of the FTSE 100 and the S & P 500 is that the performance of sector ETFs is dependent on the timing of their purchase and sale. For instance, the price of these funds can rise rapidly when demand increases for the product or service provided by the companies. Similarly, the price can also drop sharply when there is an